Element Iodine - I

1. How To Find Valence Electrons Of Iodine
2. Valence Electrons Calculator
3. Valence Electrons In Sodium
4. How Many Valence Electrons In Iodine

Comprehensive data on the chemical element Iodine is provided on this page; including scores of properties, element names in many languages, most known nuclides of Iodine. Common chemical compounds are also provided for many elements. In addition technical terms are linked to their definitions and the menu contains links to related articles that are a great aid in one's studies.

Iodine Menu

World production of iodine is around 12,000 tons. Primary producing areas are Chile and Japan. Uses of Iodine: Required in small amounts by humans. Once used as an antiseptic, but no longer due to its poisonous nature. Used as a disinfectant, in pharmaceuticals, dyes, catalysts and photography. Additional Notes: Iodine Menu. Iodine Page One. During the reaction, potassium transfers its 1 valence electron to iodine. As ions forming the ionic bond, potassium's valence shell is now the 3rd energy level which contains 8 electrons.

• Iodine Page One
• Iodine Page Two
• Iodine Page Three

Overview of Iodine

• Atomic Number: 53
• Group: 17
• Period: 5
• Series: Halogens

How To Find Valence Electrons Of Iodine

Iodine's Name in Other Languages

• Latin: Iodum
• Czech: Jod
• Croatian: Jod
• French: Iode
• German: Jod - r
• Italian: Iodio
• Norwegian: Jod
• Portuguese: Iôdo
• Russian: Иод
• Spanish: Yodo
• Swedish: Jod

Atomic Structure of Iodine

• Atomic Radius: 1.32Å
• Atomic Volume: 25.74cm³/mol
• Covalent Radius: 1.33Å
• Cross Section (Thermal Neutron Capture) σ_a/barns: 6.2
• Crystal Structure: Orthorhombic
• Electron Configuration:

  1s² 2s²p⁶ 3s²p⁶d¹⁰ 4s²p⁶d¹⁰ 5s²p⁵

• Electrons per Energy Level: 2,8,18,18,7

  Shell Model
  

• Ionic Radius: 2.2Å
• Filling Orbital: 5p⁵
• Number of Electrons (with no charge): 53
• Number of Neutrons (most common/stable nuclide): 74
• Number of Protons: 53
• Oxidation States:±1,5,7
• Valence Electrons: 5s²p⁵

  Electron Dot Model
  

Chemical Properties of Iodine

• Electrochemical Equivalent: 4.7348g/amp-hr
• Electron Work Function:
• Electronegativity: 2.66 (Pauling); 2.21 (Allrod Rochow)
• Heat of Fusion: 7.824kJ/mol
• Incompatibilities:

  Ammonia, acetylene, acetaldehyde, powdered aluminum, active metals, liquid chlorine

• Ionization Potential
  • First: 10.451
  • Second: 19.131
  • Third: 33
• Valence Electron Potential (-eV): -6.55

Physical Properties of Iodine

• Atomic Mass Average: 126.9045
• Boiling Point: 458.55K 185.4°C 365.7°F
• Coefficient of lineal thermal expansion/K^-1: N/A
• Conductivity

  Electrical: 8.0E^-16 10⁶/cm Ω
  Thermal: 0.00449 W/cmk

• Density: 4.93g/cc @ 300K
• Description:

  Halogen solid form: shiny, non-metallic, grayish-black flakes; gas: violet.

• Elastic Modulus:
  • Bulk: 7.7/GPa
• Enthalpy of Atomization: 106.7 kJ/mole @ 25°C
• Enthalpy of Fusion: 7.76 kJ/mole
• Enthalpy of Vaporization: 20.88 kJ/mole
• Flammablity Class: Non-combustible solid
• Freezing Point:see melting point
• Heat of Vaporization: 20.752kJ/mol
• Melting Point: 386.65K 113.5°C 236.3°F
• Molar Volume: 25.74 cm³/mole
• Physical State (at 20°C & 1atm): Solid
• Specific Heat: 0.214J/gK

Valence Electrons Calculator

Regulatory / Health

• CAS Number
  • 7553-56-2
• RTECS: NN1575000
• OSHAPermissible Exposure Limit (PEL)
  • 1 ppm = 10.38mg/m³ @ 25°C & 1 atm
  • Ceiling: 0.1 ppm
• OSHA PEL Vacated 1989
  • Ceiling: 0.1 ppm
• NIOSHRecommended Exposure Limit (REL)
  • Ceiling: 0.1 ppm
  • IDLH: 2 ppm
• Routes of Exposure: Inhalation; Ingestion; Skin and/or eye contact
• Target Organs: Eyes, skin, respiratory system, central nervous system, cardiovascular system
• Levels In Humans:
  Note: this data represents naturally occuring levels of elements in the typical human, it DOES NOT represent recommended daily allowances.
  • Blood/mg dm^-3: 0.057
  • Bone/p.p.m: 0.27
  • Liver/p.p.m: 0.7
  • Muscle/p.p.m: 0.05-0.5
  • Daily Dietary Intake: 0.1-0.2 mg
  • Total Mass In Avg. 70kg human: 12-20 mg

Who / Where / When / How

• Discoverer: Bernard Courtois
• Discovery Location: Dijon France
• Discovery Year: 1811
• Name Origin:

  Greek: iôdes (violet).

• Abundance of Iodine:
  • Earth's Crust/p.p.m.: 0.14
  • Seawater/p.p.m.:
    • Atlantic Suface: 0.0489
    • Atlantic Deep: 0.056
    • Pacific Surface: 0.043
    • Pacific Deep: 0.058
  • Atmosphere/p.p.m.: N/A
  • Sun (Relative to H=1E¹²): N/A
• Sources of Iodine:

  Occurs on land and in the sea in sodium and potassium compounds. World production of iodine is around 12,000 tons. Primary producing areas are Chile and Japan.

• Uses of Iodine:

  Required in small amounts by humans. Once used as an antiseptic, but no longer due to its poisonous nature. Used as a disinfectant, in pharmaceuticals, dyes, catalysts and photography.

• Additional Notes:

Iodine Menu

• Iodine Page One
• Iodine Page Two
• Iodine Page Three

References

Drivers keyence cameras. A list of reference sources used to compile the data provided on our periodic table of elements can be found on the main periodic table page.

Related Resources

• Anatomy of the Atom
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• Molarity, Molality and Normality
  Introduces stoichiometry and explains the differences between molarity, molality and normality.
• Molar Mass Calculations and Javascript Calculator
  Molar mass calculations are explained and there is a JavaScript calculator to aid calculations.
• Chemical Database
  This database focuses on the most common chemical compounds used in the home and industry.

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Drawing the Lewis Structure for IF₃

Viewing Notes:

• In the IF₃ Lewis structure Iodine (I) is the least electronegative atom and goes in the center of the Lewis structure.
• The IF₃ Lewis structure you'll need to put more than eight valence electrons on the Iodine atom.
• In the Lewis structure for IF₃ there are a total of 28 valence electrons.

Transcript: This is the IF3 Lewis structure. Iodine has 7 valence electrons. Fluorine, 7 as well, but we have three Fluorines for a total of 28 valence electrons. Iodine is the least electronegative, so we'll put it in the center, and then we'll put our Fluorines on the outside. We'll put a chemical bond between the Iodine and the Fluorines, like this. So we've used 2, 4, 6 valence electrons. Form the octets on the Fluorines. So we have 6, 8, 10, 24, so we've used 24, but we have 28.

Valence Electrons In Sodium

We have four additional valence electrons. The Fluorines all have octets, but the Iodine doesn't have an octet. We also know that Iodine is in period 5, so it can even hold more than eight valence electrons. So let's put our four valence electrons, let's put two right here and two right here; and we've used all of our valence electrons. So this is the Lewis structure for IF3-. If you check your formal charges, you'll find they're all zero. We've used all the electrons that we started with. Everything has octets, and Iodine has more than an octet but that's OK, since it's in period 5.

How Many Valence Electrons In Iodine

This is Dr. B., and thanks for watching.